The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of clinical best practices for assessing adolescent drug abuse. To achieve this purpose, a multidimensional model of screening and assessment is proposed. This model provides a theoretical framework sufficiently broad as to be applicable to most research and treatment assessment challenges (Winters, 1999) and to be relevant for problem identification, referral, and treatment. In addition, the chapter highlights clinical challenges and approaches when applying the model.Assessment modelFor the purposes of this chapter, the central task of the assessment process is to characterize the client's drug use behaviors, as well as a range of personal and environmental risks and strengths. This process has three basic components – method, content, and source – and each component intersects as a function of assessment level (brief screening, screening, and comprehensive). Table 11.1 offers an overview of how these components can form an assessment model. Three broad types of assessment are characterized: brief screening, screening, and comprehensive assessment. Domains associated with content, methods, and sources are associated with each type. The two screening processes focus on drug use behaviors based on the client's self-report. The assessment goal of these two processes is to determine if the client should receive a comprehensive assessment. “Positive” cases would receive an in-depth evaluation of the pattern and extent of problems in order to address decisions related to referral and treatment planning.
